Depression References

Natasha Tracy

Depression Information

What is Depression? Depression Definition and Checklist

¹Medscape Reference, Depression: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/286759

²WebMD, Mental Health and Adjustment Disorder: http://www.webmd.com/mental-health/mental-health-adjustment-disorder

Types of Depression – Different Types of Depression

¹General reference for article: Medscape Reference, Depression: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/286759

²Medscape Reference, Dysthymic Disorder: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/913941

Signs of Depression: Depression Warning Signs

¹HelpGuide.org, Understanding Depression: http://helpguide.org/mental/depression_signs_types_diagnosis_treatment.htm

Depression Diagnosis and How is Depression Diagnosed?

¹American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder, Text Revision. 4th Edition. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 2000.

²Medscape Reference, Depression: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/286759-clinical

³Medscape Reference, History and Mental Status Evaluation: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/293402

Depression Facts – Depression Statistics

¹Medscape Reference, Depression: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/286759-clinical

²Livestrong.com, Long-Term Effects of Untreated Depression: http://www.livestrong.com/article/69705-longterm-effects-untreated-depression/

Depression Test for Teenagers

¹National Institute of Mental Illness, Depression in Children and Adolescents (Fact Sheet): http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/depression-in-children-and-adolescents/index.shtml

How Do I Use the FMLA as an Employee with Depression?

Advisors Law Group, “FMLA – Does Depression Qualify.” Federated Employment Practices Network, 2014.

Mental Health America, “Can I Use FMLA for Mental Health?” Accessed November 19, 2019.

United States Department of Labor, “Fact Sheet #28: The Family and Medical Leave Act.” Accessed November 19, 2019.

United States Department of Labor, “Need Time: The Employee’s Guide to the Family and Medical Leave Act.” Accessed November 20, 2019.

Is Depression a Disability? Can You Get Accommodations?

Accommodations for disabilities. Anxiety and Depression Association of America (ADAA). Retrieved October 2019 from https://adaa.org/understanding-anxiety/obsessive-compulsive-disorder-ocd/college-students/accommodations

Can I work with depression? (n.d.). Disability Benefits Center. Retrieved October 2019 from https://www.disabilitybenefitscenter.org/disability-work/depression

Dejesus, A. (2017). Depression and the VA. Hill & Ponton. Retrieved October 2019 from https://www.hillandponton.com/depression-and-the-va/

How to get a higher VA disability rating for depression. (2019). Veterans Disability Information. Retrieved October 2019 from https://www.veteransdisabilityinfo.com/blog.php?article=get-a-higher-va-disability-rating-for-depression_386

Is depression a disability? (2019). Better Help. Retrieved October 2019 from https://www.betterhelp.com/advice/depression/is-depression-a-disability/

Major depression. (n.d.) National Institute of Mental Health. Retrieved October 2019 from https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/statistics/major-depression.shtml

Morton, D. (n.d.). Social security disability and SSI for depression. Disability Secrets. Retrieved October 2019 from https://www.disabilitysecrets.com/win-can-you-get-disability-for-depression.html

Thompson, K. (n.d.). Depression and disability: A practical guide. The North Carolina Office on Disability and Health. Retrieved October 2019 from https://fpg.unc.edu/sites/fpg.unc.edu/files/resources/other-resources/NCODH_Depression.pdf

What is the History of Depression?

Horowitz, A., Luaces-Lorenzo, L., & Wakefield, C. (2016). History of Depression. In R.J. DeRubeis & D. R. Strunk (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Mood Disorders (pp. 1-24). Oxford, England: Oxford University Press. Retrieved November 2019 from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/301219610_History_of_Depression

Paykel, E.S. (2008). Basic concepts of depression. Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, 10(3), 279-289. Retrieved November 2019 from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3181879/

Schimelpfening, N. (2019). The history of depression. verywell mind. Retrieved November 2019 from https://www.verywellmind.com/who-discovered-depression-1066770

Can You Help Me Understand Depression? Depression Explained

American Psychiatric Association. (2013.). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fifth edition. Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Association.

Depression explained. (n.d.). Better Health Victoria. Retrieved November 2019 from https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/depression

Lazarus, C. (2017). Understanding depression: Why depression is a potentially incapacitating and sometimes lethal illness. Psychology Today. Retrieved November 2019 from https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/think-well/201711/understanding-depression

Understanding depression. (n.d.). neuroCare. Retrieved November 2019 https://www.neurocaregroup.com/understanding-depression.html

Depression Prevention: Is It Possible to Prevent Depression?

Cuijpers, P., Beekman, A. T. F., & Reynolds, III, C. F. (2012, March 14). Preventing depression. JAMA, 307 (10), 1033-1034. doi: 10.1001/jama.2012.271

Muñoz, R. F., Cuijpers, P., Smit, F., Barrera, A. Z., & Leykin, Y. (2010).Prevention of major depression. Annual Review Clinical Psychology, 6, 181–212. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-033109-132040

Smit, F., Willemse, G., Koopmanschap, M., Onrust, S., Cuijpers, P., & Beekman, A. (2006). Cost-effectiveness of preventing depression in primary care patients: Randomised trial. British Journal of Psychiatry, 188, 330–336. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.188.4.330

World Health Organization. (2019, December 4). Depression. Retrieved from: https://www.who.int/en/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/depression

Depression Pictures of Famous People

7 athletes speaking out about anxiety, depression, and bipolar disorder. (n.d.). bpHope. Retrieved
February 2020 from https://www.bphope.com/bipolar-buzz/athletes-stigma-anxiety-depression-bipolar/

30 famous people alive today who have battled depression. (n.d.). Social Work Degree Guide. Retrieved
February 2020 from https://www.socialworkdegreeguide.com/30-famous-people-alive-today-battled-depression/

Celebrities with depression. (2018). WebMd. Retrieved February 2020 from
https://www.webmd.com/depression/ss/slideshow-depression-celebs

Crofts, C. (2017). Ellen DeGeneres talks about her battle with depression. Smooth FM. Retrieved
February 2020 from https://www.smooth.com.au/entertainment/clone-ellen-degeneres-opens-about-being-bullied/

Elizabeth, D. (2020). Katy Perry opens up about experiencing depression. Teen Vogue. Retrieved
February 2020 from https://www.teenvogue.com/story/katy-perry-depression-mental-health-journey

Higgins, C. (2017). Wayne Brady: “I had a complete breakdown.” BlackDoctor.Org. Retrieved February
2020 from https://blackdoctor.org/450755/wayne-brady-depression/

Scutti, S. (2018). Michael Phelps: 'I am extremely thankful that I did not take my life.’ CNN. Retrieved
February 2020 from https://www.cnn.com/2018/01/19/health/michael-phelps-depression/index.html

Depression Movies and Videos You Have to See

Film therapy: The benefits of watching movies. (2016). Exploring Your Mind. Retrieved February 2020
from https://exploringyourmind.com/film-therapy-benefits-watching-movies/

Mann, D. (2009). Movie therapy: Using movies for mental health. WebMD. Retrieved February 2020
from https://www.webmd.com/mental-health/features/movie-therapy-using-movies-for-mental-health#1

Movie therapy. (2015). Good Therapy. Retrieved February 2020 from
https://www.goodtherapy.org/learn-about-therapy/types/movie-therapy

Symptoms of Depresion

What Are the Symptoms of Depression and Depressive Disorder?

Burgess, L., “What Is Psychomotor Agitation?” Medical News Today, October 17, 2017.

Dictionary.com, Psychomotor Retardation. Retrieved November 7, 2019.

Halverson, J., Depression. Medscape, Updated October 7, 2019.

Weiller, E., et al, “Prevalence of Brief Recurrent Depression in Primary Care”. European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, November 1994.

How Can I Deal with All of This Anger from Depression?

Anxiety and Depression Association of America, Depression. Accessed November 11, 2019.

Fisher, L., et al, “The Role of Anger/Hostility in Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Secondary Analysis from the ADAPTY-A Study.” The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, October 2015.

NHS, Anger. Updated October 2019.

Ou, C., Hall, W., “Anger in the Context of Postnatal Depression: An Integrative Review.” Birth, December 2018.

Sahu, A., et al, “Depression Is More Than Just Sadness: A Case of Excessive Anger and Its Management in Depression.” Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine, January 2014.

What Are the Physical Symptoms of Depression?

Halverson, J., Depression Clinical Presentation. Medscape, October 2019.

Trivedi, M., “The Link Between Depression and Physical Symptoms.” Primary Care Companion to the Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. 2004.

Depression and Motivation: Why Can’t I Get Moving?

Halverson, J., Depression Clinical Presentation. Medscape, October 2019.

MedicalNewsToday, “Tips for Finding Motivation with Depression.” Accessed November 18, 2019.

Sherdell, L., et al, “Anticipatory Pleasure Predicts Motivation for Reward in Major Depression.” Journal of Abnormal Psychology, February 2012.

Is This Depression or Laziness? How to Tell the Difference

Baddeley, J. (2009). The laziness myth. Does laziness exist? Psychology Today. Retrieved November 2019 from https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/embracing-the-dark-side/200903/the-laziness-myth

Barhum, L. (2018). Why does depression make you feel tired? Medical News Today. Retrieved November 2019 from https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/322264.php

Blurt Team. (2017). Depression: We’re not being lazy. Blurt. Retrieved November 2019 from https://www.blurtitout.org/2017/09/12/depression-were-not-being-lazy/

Burton, N. (2014). The psychology of laziness. Psychology Today. Retrieved December 2019 from https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/hide-and-seek/201410/the-psychology-laziness

Ghanean, H., Ceniti, A.D., & Kennedy, S.H. (2018). Fatigue in patients with major depressive disorder: Prevalence, burden, and pharmacological approaches to management. CNS Drugs, 32(1), 65-74. Retrieved November 2017 from https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs40263-018-0490-z

Smith, P. (2019). Why depression makes you so damn tired all the time. HuffPost. Retrieved November 2019 from https://www.huffpost.com/entry/depression-tired_l_5c6c3fcae4b012225acd8663

What’s the Relationship Between Depression and Sleep?

Depression and sleep. (n.d.). National Sleep Foundation. Retrieved November 2019 from https://www.sleepfoundation.org/articles/depression-and-sleep

Depression and sleep: Understanding the connection. (n.d.). Johns Hopkins Medicine. Retrieved November 2019 from https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/wellness-and-prevention/depression-and-sleep-understanding-the-connection

Harvard Mental Health Letter. (n.d.). Sleep and mental health. Harvard Health Publishing. Retrieved November 2019 from https://www.health.harvard.edu/newsletter_article/sleep-and-mental-health

Nyer, M., Farabaugh, A., Fehling, K., Soskin, D., Holt, D., Papakostas, G.I., Pedrelli, P., Fava, M., Pisoni, A., Vitolo, O., & Mischoulon, D. (2013). Relationship between sleep disturbance and depression, anxiety, and functioning in college students. Depression and Anxiety, (30), 9, 873-880. Retrieved November 2019 from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3791314/

How to Deal with Depression and Fatigue

Aiken, C. (2019). Two ways to treat fatigue in bipolar and depression. Psychiatric Times. Retrieved December 2019 from https://www.psychiatrictimes.com/bipolar-disorder/two-ways-treat-fatigue-bipolar-and-depression

Barhum, L. (2018). Why does depression make you feel tired? Medical News Today. Retrieved November 2019 from https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/322264.php

Jaret, P. (n.d.). Depression and insomnia. WebMD. Retrieved December 2019 from https://www.webmd.com/depression/features/sleep-problems#1

Peterson, T.J. (2018). List of best foods for fighting depression. HealthyPlace. Retrieved December 2019 from https://www.healthyplace.com/depression/food-and-depression/list-of-best-foods-for-fighting-depression

Self-help tips to fight tiredness. (2018). National Health Service (NHS) UK. Retrieved December 2019 from https://www.nhs.uk/live-well/sleep-and-tiredness/self-help-tips-to-fight-fatigue/

How to Deal with Depression and Weight Loss or Weight Gain

Allen, J. (n.d.). Why does depression cause you to lose weight even thought you eat a lot? Livestrong. Retrieved December 2019 from https://www.livestrong.com/article/330360-why-does-depression-cause-you-to-lose-weight-even-though-you-eat-a-lot/

Holland, K. (2018). Are obesity and depression related? And 9 other FAQs. Healthline. Retrieved December 2019 from https://www.healthline.com/health/depression/obesity-and-depression

Jennings, K. (2018). 16 simple ways to relieve stress and anxiety. Healthline. Retrieved December 2019 from https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/16-ways-relieve-stress-anxiety

Radcliffe, S. (2019). Here’s how treating obesity and depression at the same time can help. Healthline. Retrieved December 2019 from https://www.healthline.com/health-news/study-finds-best-way-to-help-people-with-depression-lose-weight

Shimer Bowers, E. (2012). Weight management tips for people with depression. Everyday Health. Retrieved December 2019 from https://www.everydayhealth.com/hs/major-depression/weight-management-for-depression/

Stoller-Conrad, J. (2015). Microbes help produce serotonin in gut. Caltech. Retrieved December 2019 from https://www.caltech.edu/about/news/microbes-help-produce-serotonin-gut-46495

What to Do When Depression and Loneliness Overtake You

Broderick, P.C. & Blewitt, P. (2006). The life span: Human development for helping professionals (2nd Ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Merrill Prentice Hall.

Horne, C. (2019). The cycle of depression loneliness. betterhelp. Retrieved December 2019 from https://www.betterhelp.com/advice/loneliness/the-cycle-of-depression-loneliness/

McLeod, S. (2018). Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. Simply Psychology. Retrieved December 2019 from https://www.simplypsychology.org/maslow.html

Whitbourne, S. (2018). 5 ways to keep loneliness from turning into depression. Psychology Today. Retrieved December 2019 from https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/fulfillment-any-age/201811/5-ways-keep-loneliness-turning-depression

Ypsilanti, A., Lazuras, L., Powell, P. & Overton, P. (2018). Self-disgust as a potential mechanism explaining the association between loneliness and depression. Journal of Affective Disorders, 243, 108-115. Retrieved December 2019 from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30241025

Depression and Crying: Why Can’t I Just Stop Crying?

Gračanin, A., Bylsma, L. M., & Vingerhoets, A. J. J. M. (2014) Is crying a self-soothing behavior?. Frontiers in Psychology, 5(502). Retrieved December 2019 from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/262664292_Gracanin_A_Bylsma_L_M_Vingerhoets_A_J_J_M_2014_Is_crying_a_self-soothing_behavior_Frontiers_in_Psychology_5_502_doi_103389fpsyg201400502#pfe

York Morris, S. (2018). Why can’t I stop crying? healthline. Retrieved December 2019 from https://www.healthline.com/health/i-cant-stop-crying

Why Does Depression Cause Memory Loss?

Beblo, T., Kater, L., Baetge, S., Driessen, M., & Piefke, M. (2016). Memmory performance of patience with major depression in an everyday situation. Psychiatry Research, 248, 28-34. Retrieved December 2019 from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0165178116308666

Sapolsky, R.M. (2001). Depression, antidepressants, and the shrinking hippocampus. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 98(22), 12320-12322. Retrieved December 2019 from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC60045/

Scaccia, A. (2016). Can depression cause memory loss? healthline. Retrieved December 2019 from https://www.healthline.com/health/depression/depression-and-memory-loss

Westman, N. (2019). Depression’s impact on memory. BrainFacts.org. Retrieved December 2019 from https://www.brainfacts.org/diseases-and-disorders/mental-health/2019/depressions-impact-on-memory-022119

What’s a Depression Attack? How Do I Fight Back?

American Psychiatric Association. (2013.). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fifth edition. Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Association.

Griffin, E.J. (2014). What depression does to our minds when it attacks. Psychiatric Times, 31(5). Retrieved December 2019 from https://www.psychiatrictimes.com/major-depressive-disorder/what-depression-does-our-minds-when-it-attacks

Leonard, J. (2018). How to cope with a depressive episode. MedicalNewsToday. Retrieved December 2019 from https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/322495.php

What is a major depressive episode? (n.d.). Bridges to Recovery. Retrieved December 2019 from https://www.bridgestorecovery.com/major-depression/what-is-a-major-depressive-episode/

Depression with Psychosis: What Should You Look For?

American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, Fifth edition (DSM-5). Washington, D.C: American Psychiatric Publishing.

Black, R. (2019). Psychotic depression: What it is and what you should know. Psycom. Retrieved January 2020 from https://www.psycom.net/psychotic-depression-what-you-should-know

Brain & Behavior Research Foundation (2011). Psychotic depression can be effectively treated but is often tragically missed. Retrieved January 2020 from https://www.bbrfoundation.org/content/psychotic-depression-can-be-effectively-treated-often-tragically-missed

Nall, R. (2016). Depressive psychosis. healthline. Retrieved January 2020 from https://www.healthline.com/health/depression/major-depression-with-psychotic-features

Signs of Depression

Pede, V., et al, “Study of Prodromal and Residual Symptoms of Depression.” Industrial Psychiatry Journal, July 2017.

Smith, M., Robinson, L., and Segal, J., Depression Symptoms and Warning Signs. HelpGuide, Updated October 2019.

Causes of Depression

Causes of Depression: What Causes Depression?

¹Medscape Reference, Depression: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/286759

²Mayo Clinic, Stress, genetics can trigger depression: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/stress-and-depression/MY01649

What Caused the Depression?

¹PubMed, Contraception choices in women with underlying medical conditions: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20842989

²Depression-guide.com, Depression and Alcohol Abuse – Alcohol Depression: http://www.depression-guide.com/alcohol-and-depression.htm

³Mayo Clinic, Alcohol and depression: What are the risks? http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/alcohol-and-depression/MY01078

⁴Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, Misery Has More Company Than People Think: Underestimating the Prevalence of Others' Negative Emotions: http://timewellness.files.wordpress.com/2011/01/jordan-et-al-2011-misery-has-more-company.pdf DOI: 10.1177/0146167210390822

⁵Mayo Clinic, Marijuana and depression: What's the link? http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/marijuana-and-depression/AN01900

⁶ScienceDaily, Cannabis: Potent Anti-Depressant In Low Doses, Worsens Depression At High Doses: http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/10/071023183937.htm

⁷Mayo Clinic, Junk food blues: Are diet and depression linked? http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/depression-and-diet/AN02057

⁸Mayo Clinic, Caffeine and depression: Is there a link? http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/caffeine-and-depression/AN01700

⁹Medscape Reference, Depression: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/286759

¹⁰National Institute of Mental Health, FDA Warnings on Antidpressants: http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/eating-disorders/fda-warnings-on-antidepressants.shtml

¹¹HelpGuide.org, Postpartum Depression and the Baby Blues: http://helpguide.org/mental/postpartum_depression.htm

Which Medications Cause Depression?

Levine, H. (2018). Can your medications cause depression? Consumer Reports. Retrieved December 2018
from https://www.consumerreports.org/drugs/can-medications-cause-depression/

Rogers, D. & Pies, R. (2008). General medical drugs associated with depression. Psychiatry (Edgmont),
5(12), 28-41. Retrieved December 2018 from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2729620/

University of Illinois at Chicago (2018). One-third of US adults may unknowingly use medications that can
cause depression: Polypharmacy on the rise. Science Daily. Retrieved December 2018 from https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/06/180612185204.htm

WebMD Medical Reference. (n.d.). Depression: Medicines that cause depression. MedicineNet.
Retrieved December 2018 from https://www.medicinenet.com/medicines_that_cause_depression/article.htm

What Are the Risk Factors for Depression?

Breton, J-J., Labelle, R., Berthiaume, C., Royer, C., St-Georges, M., Ricard, D., Abadie, P., Gérardin, P., Cohen, D., & Guilé, J-M. (2015). Protective factors against depression and suicidal behavior in adolescence. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 60(2 Suppl. 1), S5-S-15. Retrieved November 2019 from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4345848/

Depression among women. (2019). Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Retrieved November 2019 from https://www.cdc.gov/reproductivehealth/depression/index.htm

Healthline Editorial Team. (2016). Risk factors for depression. healthline. Retrieved November 2019 from https://www.healthline.com/health/depression/risk-factors#1

Levine, D. (2017). What are the risk factors for depression? (2017). U.S. News & World Report. Retrieved November 2019 from https://health.usnews.com/health-care/patient-advice/articles/2017-04-11/what-are-the-risk-factors-for-depression

Mayo Clinic Staff. (n.d.). Depression (major depressive disorder). Mayo Clinic. Retrieved November 2019 from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/depression/symptoms-causes/syc-20356007

Causes of Depression: What Causes Depression?

Depression and the brain. (n.d.). Queensland Brain Institute. Retrieved November 2019 from https://qbi.uq.edu.au/brain/brain-diseases/depression/depression-and-brain

Depression basics. (n.d.) National Institute of Mental Health. Retrieved November 2019 from https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/depression/index.shtml#pub3

MacGill, M. (2017). What is depression and what can I do about it? Medical News Today. Retrieved November 2017 from https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/kc/depression-causes-symptoms-treatments-8933

Thompson, K. (n.d.). Depression and disability: A practical guide. The North Carolina Office on Disability and Health. Retrieved October 2019 from https://fpg.unc.edu/sites/fpg.unc.edu/files/resources/other-resources/NCODH_Depression.pdf

What causes depression? (n.d.). Beyond Blue. Retrieved November 2019 from https://www.beyondblue.org.au/the-facts/depression/what-causes-depression

Is Depression Genetic or Hereditary?

Depression. (n.d.). Your guide to understanding genetic conditions. Genetics Home Reference. Retrieved
November 2019 from https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/depression#

Dunn, E.C., Brown, R.C., Dai, Y., Rosand, J., Nugent, N.R., Amstadter, A.B., & Smoller, J.W. Genetic
determinants of depression: Recent findings and future directions. Harvard Review of Psychiatry, 23(1), 1-18. Retrieved November 2019 from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4309382/

Levinson, D.R., & Nichols, W.E. (n.d.). Major depression and genetics. Genetics of Brain Function,
Stanford School of Medicine. Retrieved November 2019 from http://med.stanford.edu/depressiongenetics/mddandgenes.html

Meaney, M.J. (2015). Is depression hereditary? Psychology Today. Retrieved November 2015 from
https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/hope-through-research/201509/is-depression-hereditary

Paddock, C. (2019). Scientists quash claims about single ‘depression genes.’ Medical News Today.
Retrieved November 2019 from https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/324884.php#1

Is Depression a Chemical Imbalance?

Arkowitz, H. & Lilienfield, S.O. (2014). Is depression just bad chemistry? Scientific American. Retrieved December 2019 from https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/is-depression-just-bad-chemistry/

Rathje, S. (2018). Don’t say that depression is caused by a chemical imbalance. Psychology Today. Retrieved December 2019 from https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/words-matter/201808/dont-say-depression-is-caused-chemical-imbalance

Tyrrell, M. & Elliott, R. (n.d.). Medical causes of depression. clinical-depression.co.uk. Retrieved December 2019 from https://www.clinical-depression.co.uk/dlp/depression-information/medical-causes-of-depression/

How to Manage Having Depression for No Reason

Peterson, T.J. (2013). Break Free: Acceptance and Commitment Therapy in 3 Steps. Berkeley: Althea
Press.

Schimelpfening, N. (2019). How can a person be depressed for no reason? verywell mind. Retrieved
December 2019 from https://www.verywellmind.com/how-can-a-person-be-depressed-for-no-reason-1066765

Are There Such Things as Depression Hormones?

Brazier, Y. (2017, May 25). What you need to know about HRT. Retrieved from: https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/181726.php

Depression, the thyroid, and hormones. (2019, March 22). Retrieved from: https://www.webmd.com/depression/guide/depression-the-thyroid-and-hormones#1

Gabbey, A. E. (2017, June 19). Causes of Depression. Retrieved from: https://www.healthline.com/health/depression/causes#causes

Mayo Clinic Staff. (2019, March 19). Stress management. Retrieved from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/stress-management/in-depth/stress/art-20046037

Molaie, A. M. & Maguire, J. (2018). Neuroendocrine abnormalities following traumatic brain injury: An important contributor to neuropsychiatric sequelae. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 9, 176. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00176

Tan, C. L., Alavi, S. A., Baldeweg, S. E., Belli, A., Carson, A., Feeney, C., Goldstone, A. P., Greenwood, R., Menon, D. K., Simpson, H. L., Toogood, A. A., Gurnell, M. & Hutchinson, P. J. (2017). The screening and management of pituitary dysfunction following traumatic brain injury in adults: British neurotrauma group guidance. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, 88(11), 971-981. doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2016-315500

Why Does Depression on My Birthday Happen Every Year?

Dittmann, M. (2003, May). Fighting ageism. Monitor on Psychology, 34(5), 50. Retrieved from https://www.apa.org/monitor/may03/fighting

Mayo Clinic Health System. (2017, May 18). Helping people, changing lives: The 6 health benefits of volunteering. Retrieved from https://www.mayoclinichealthsystem.org/hometown-health/speaking-of-health/helping-people-changing-lives-the-6-health-benefits-of-volunteering

Can You Get Depression from Social Media?

Bessière, K., Pressman, S., Kiesler, S., & Kraut, R. (2010). Effects of internet use on health and depression: A longitudinal study. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 12(1), 78–91. https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.1149

Heffer, T., Good, M., Daly, O., MacDonell, E., & Willoughby, T. (2019). The longitudinal association between social media use and depressive symptoms among adolescents and young adults: An empirical reply to Twenge et al. (2018). Clinical Psychological Science, 7(3), 462-470. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167702618812727

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Is It Possible to Get Depression from Birth Control Medication?

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Guttmacher Institute, “July 2018 Fact Sheet: Contraceptive Use in the United States.” Accessed December 21, 2019.

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Skovlund, C.W., et al, “Association of Hormonal Contraception with Depression.” JAMA Psychiatry, November 2016.

Worly, B.L., Gur, T.L., & Shaffir, J., “The Relationship Between Progestin Hormonal Contraception and Depression: A Systematic Review.” Contraception, June 2018.

Effects of Depression

Effects of Depression: Physical, Social Effects of Depression

¹Mayo Clinic, Depression and Pregnancy: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/depression-and-pregnancy/MY00415

²Mayo Clinic, Depression and pregnancy: What you need to know: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/depression-and-pregnancy/MY00981

³PubMed Central, Amygdala volume in Major Depressive Disorder: A meta-analysis of magnetic resonance imaging studies: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2739676/ doi: 10.1038/mp.2008.57

⁴Livestrong.com, Long-Term Effects of Untreated Depression: http://www.livestrong.com/article/69705-longterm-effects-untreated-depression/

What are the Side Effects of Depression?

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Case, H. (2016). Can depression affect your ability to think? healthline. Retrieved October 2019 from https://www.healthline.com/health/depression/managing-major-depressive-disorder/can-depression-affect-your-ability-to-think#1

Pietrangelo, A. & Cherney, K. (2017). The effects of depression in your body. healthline. Retrieved October 2019 from https://www.healthline.com/health/depression/effects-on-body#1

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What to Do When You’re Living with Depression for Years

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What’s the Relationship Between Depression and Alcohol?

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What are Depression Thoughts? How Do They Affect You?

Davies, J. (2017). What are automatic negative thoughts and how to deal with them. Learning Mind. Retrieved November 2017 from https://www.learning-mind.com/automatic-negative-thoughts/

Marano, H.E. (2001). Depression doing the thinking: Take action right now to convert negative to positive thinking. Psychology Today. Retrieved November 2019 from https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/articles/200107/depression-doing-the-thinking

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The Problems with Depression in College Students

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Why Depression in the Elderly Can Be So Dangerous

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Depression in Young Adults Can Hinder Job Performance

Johnson, E. (2017). Living with depression: How to keep working. National Alliance on Mental Illness.
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Atypical Depression

What is Atypical Depression? Symptoms, Causes, Treatment

¹WebMD, Atypical Depression: http://www.webmd.com/depression/guide/atypical-depression

²Mayo Clinic, Atypical Depression: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/atypical-depression/DS01181

³Medscape Reference, Atypical Depression: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/286759

Dysthymia

Dysthymia (Chronic Depression) – Signs, Symptoms, Treatment

¹Medscape Reference, Dysthymic Disorder: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/290686

Major Depresion

What is Clinical Depression? Symptoms, Causes, Treatment

¹Mayo Clinic, Depression (Major Depression): http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/depression/DS00175

Major Depression (Major Depressive Disorder) Symptoms, Causes, Treatments

¹Medscape Reference, Depression: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/286759

²Mayo Clinic, Depression (Major Depression): http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/depression/DS00175

MDD: DSM Criteria for Major Depressive Disorder

¹Medscape Reference, Depression: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/286759

Psychotic Depression Symptoms and Treatment

¹Medscape Reference, Depression: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/286759

Major Depression (MDD) Symptoms, Causes, Treatments

American Psychiatric Association. (2013.). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fifth edition. Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Association.

Depression. (n.d.). American Psychological Association. Retrieved November 2019 from https://www.apa.org/topics/depression/index

Depression. (n.d.) National Institute of Mental Health. Retrieved November 2019 from https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/depression/index.shtml

Harvard Medical School. (2018.). Major depression. Harvard Health Publishing. Retrieved November 2019 from https://www.health.harvard.edu/a_to_z/major-depression-a-to-z

Postpartum Depression

What is Postpartum Depression (PPD), Postnatal Depression?

¹Medscape Reference, Depression: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/286759

²Mayo Clinic, Postpartum Depression: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/postpartum-depression/DS00546

Postpartum Depression Signs and Symptoms

¹Medscape Reference, Depression: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/286759

²Mayo Clincic, Postpartum Depression: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/postpartum-depression/DS00546

Postpartum Depression Treatment

¹Medscape Reference, Postpartum Depression: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/271662

Postpartum Depression Help and Support

¹http://www.postpartum.net/Default.aspx

²http://www.postpartumprogress.com/

³http://www.ppdsupportpage.com/

Baby Blues and Postpartum Depression: What's the Difference?

¹Mayo Clinic, Postpartum Depression: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/postpartum-depression/DS00546

²Medscape Reference, Postpartum Depression: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/271662

Postpartum Depression Scale, Postpartum Depression Screening

¹Massachusetts General Hospital, Quiz Results: Are you suffering from Postpartum Depression?: http://www.womensmentalhealth.org/quiz-results-are-you-suffering-from-postpartum-depression/

What is Postpartum Psychosis?

¹Medscape Reference, Postpartum Depression: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/271662

²HelpGuide.org, Postpartum Depression and the Baby Blues: http://www.helpguide.org/mental/postpartum_depression.htm

Postpartum Depression in Men

¹Daily Press, Postpartum depression hits dads, too: http://articles.dailypress.com/2010-11-24/health/dp-nws-sad-dads-evg-20101124_1_postpartum-depression-dads-mental-health-problems

²HealingWell.com, Postpartum Depression Hits Dada, Too: http://news.healingwell.com/index.php?p=news1&id=534203

³Medscape Reference, Postpartum Depression: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/271662

⁴WomensHealth.gov, Depressed Dads More Likely to Spank, Shortchange Kids: Study: http://www.womenshealth.gov/news/english/650779.htm

PMDD

PMDD (Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder) Symptoms, Treatment

¹Medscape Reference, Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/293257

Seasonal Depression Disorder

What is Seasonal Depression Disorder? Symptoms, Treatment

¹Mayo Clinic, Seasonal affective disorder (SAD): http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/seasonal-affective-disorder/DS00195

²PubMed.org, Modafinil treatment in patients with seasonal affective disorder/winter depression: an open-label pilot study. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15306145

Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) Symptoms – Who's At Risk

1Wikipedia, Seasonal affective disorder: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seasonal_depression

²Mayo Clinic, Seasonal affective disorder (SAD): http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/seasonal-affective-disorder/DS00195

³Mayo Clinic, Depression (major depression): http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/light-therapy/MY01086

SAD Light: Seasonal Depression Light Therapy for SAD

¹Mayo Clinic, Depression (major depression): http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/light-therapy/MY01086

²PsychEducation.org, Light Therapies for Depression: http://psycheducation.org/depression/LightTherapy.htm

³Mayo Clinic, Seasonal affective disorder (SAD): http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/seasonal-affective-disorder/DS00195

⁴PsychEducation.org, Bipolar Disorder, Light and Darkness: Treatment Implications: 5 http://psycheducation.org/depression/LightDark.htm

⁵Mayo Clinic, Seasonal Affective Disorder, In-Depth: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/seasonal-affective-disorder-treatment/DN00013

How to Beat the Winter Blues

¹Msnbc.com, Lighten Up! How to Beat Back Winter Blues: http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/34509511/ns/health-mental_health/t/lighten-how-beat-back-winter-blues/

Children

Depression in Children: Overview of Child Depression

¹Medscape Reference, Pediatric Depression: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/914192

²National Institute on Mental Health, Suicide in the U.S.: Statistics and Prevention: http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/suicide-in-the-us-statistics-and-prevention/index.shtml

Recognizing Symptoms of Depression in Teens and Children

¹Medscape Reference, Pediatric Depression: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/914192

²Mayo Clinic, Teen Depression: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/teen-depression/DS01188

Teenage Depression-Signs, Symptoms, Antidepressants

¹Mayo Clinic, Teenage Depression: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/teen-depression/DS01188

Antidepressants for Children: Important Information for Parents

¹Mayo Clinic, Depression treatment for children: What works? http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/depression-treatment/AN00685

²Medscape Reference, Pediatric Depression: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/914192

³Medscape Reference, Fluoxetine (Rx): http://reference.medscape.com/drug/prozac-sarafem-fluoxetine-342955#1

⁴Medscape Reference, Sertraline (Rx): http://reference.medscape.com/drug/zoloft-sertraline-342962#1

⁵Medscape Reference, Fluvoxamine (Rx): http://reference.medscape.com/drug/luvox-cr-fluvoxamine-342956#1

⁶Medscape Reference, Imipramine (Rx): http://reference.medscape.com/drug/tofranil-pm-imipramine-342941#1

⁷Medscape Reference, Desipramine (Rx): http://reference.medscape.com/drug/norpramin-desipramine-342939#1

⁸Medscape Reference, Amitriptyline (Rx): http://reference.medscape.com/drug/levate-amitriptyline-342936#1

Teen Depression: What Do Parents Need to Know?

American Academy of Pediatrics. (2018). Adolescent depression: What parents can do to help.
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Dowd, S. (n.d.). Parenting a depressed teenager. Child Mind Institute. Retrieved January 2020 from
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Smith, M., Robinson, L., & Segal, J. (2019). Parent’s Guide to Teen Depression. HelpGuide. Retrieved
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Men

Depression in Men: Understanding Male Depression

¹The Royal College of Psychiatrists, Depression in Men: http://www.rcpsych.ac.uk/mentalhealthinfoforall/problems/depression/mendepression.aspx

²Medscape Reference, Depression: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/286759-clinical

³Men Web, Men and Depression: http://www.menweb.org/realivue.htm

Important Depression Symptoms in Men

¹Medscape Reference, Depression: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/286759

²Mayo Clinic, Male depression: Understanding the issues: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/male-depression/MC00041

Women

Depression in Women: Understanding Female Depression

¹These are also in another section where the DSM diagnostic criteria are listed. It seems that the wording is important when taking diagnostic criteria directly from the DSM so I didn't want to change the verbiage.

²Psychosomatics, Suicide Risk Assessment: A Review of Risk Factors for Suicide in 100 Patients Who Made Severe Suicide Attempts:http://psy.psychiatryonline.org/cgi/content/full/40/1/18

³National Institute on Mental Health, Suicide in the U.S.: Statistics and Prevention: http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/suicide-in-the-us-statistics-and-prevention/index.shtml

How Symptoms of Depression Affect Women

¹Medscape Reference, Depression: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/286759

²HelpGuide.org, Depression in Women: http://helpguide.org/mental/depression_women.htm

Depression and PMS: Why It Happens, How to Ease the Symptoms

Tantry, T. (2019). Anxiety and depression during period: Causes, detection, and treatment. Flo.health.
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Watson, S. (2018). How to Deal with premenstrual depression. healthline. Retrieved January 2020 from https://www.healthline.com/health/pms-depression

WebMD Medical Reference. (2019). Depression and PMS. WebMD. Retrieved January 2020 from
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WebMD Medical Reference. (2019). What is PMS? WebMD. Retrieved January 2020 from
https://www.webmd.com/women/pms/what-is-pms#1

Depression and PMS: Why It Happens, How to Ease the Symptoms

Watson, S. (2018). How to Deal with premenstrual depression. healthline. Retrieved January 2020 from
https://www.healthline.com/health/pms-depression

WebMD Medical Reference. (2019). Depression and PMS. WebMD. Retrieved January 2020 from
https://www.webmd.com/women/pms/depression-pms

WebMD Medical Reference. (2019). What is PMS? WebMD. Retrieved January 2020 from
https://www.webmd.com/women/pms/what-is-pms#1

How Can You Avoid Depression in Menopause?

Clayton, A.H. & Hinan, P.T. (2010). Depression or menopause? Presentation and management of major
depressive disorder in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. The Primary Care Companion to the Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 12(1). Retrieved January 2020 from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2882813/

Depression & Menopause. (n.d.). The North American Menopause Society. Retrieved January 2020 from
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Harvard’s Women’s Health Watch. (2018). When the arrival of menopause brings symptoms of
depression. Harvard Health Publishing: Harvard Medical School. Retrieved January 2020 from https://www.health.harvard.edu/womens-health/when-the-arrival-of-menopause-brings-symptoms-of-depression

Stöppler, M.C. (n.d.). Menopause symptoms: Emotional, physical, and sexual. MedicineNet. Retrieved
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WebMD Medical Reference. (2019). The emotional roller coaster of menopause. Retrieved January 2020
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Depression and Your Period: What You Need to Know

Freeman, E.W. (2002). Treatment of depression associated with the menstrual cycle: premenstrual
dysphoria, postpartum depression, and the perimenopause. Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, 4(2), 177-191. Retrieved January 2020 from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3181677/

J., Jing. (2019). Feeling depressed before, during, or after period. CycleHarmoy. Retrieved January 2020
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Trial: Oral contraceptives may ease suffering of women with severe PMS. (2008). UNC Healthcare.
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Vann, M.R. (2011). PMDD: Managing monthly depression. Everyday Health. Retrieved January 2020 from
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Depression in Pregnancy: Signs, Symptoms, and Treatment

Carroll, L. (2018). More women may be experiencing depression during pregnancy. Reuters Health.
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https://americanpregnancy.org/pregnancy-health/depression-during-pregnancy/

Mayo Clinic Staff. (2020). Antidepressants: Safe during pregnancy? Mayo Clinic. Retrieved January 2020
from https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/pregnancy-week-by-week/in-depth/antidepressants/art-20046420

Mayo Clinic Staff. (2019). Depression during pregnancy: You’re not alone. Mayo Clinic. Retrieved January
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Treatment of Depression

Depression Treatment Options

¹Medscape Reference, Depression: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/286759-overview

Best Depression Treatment

¹National Institute of Mental Health, Depression: http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/depression/index.shtml

²HealthyPlace, What is the Best Treatment for Depression: http://www.healthyplace.com/depression/treatment/best-depression-treatment/menu-id-68/

Major Depression Treatment

¹NARSAD now called The Brain and Behavior Research Fund: http://www.narsad.org/index.php

²Medscape Reference, Depression: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/286759

Stop Depression: Can You Cure Depression?

¹Medscape Reference, Depression: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/286759

List of Antidepressants – List of Medications for Depression

¹Medscape Reference, Psychiatry: http://reference.medscape.com/drugs/psychiatrics

²This medication is approved for the treatment of fibromyalgia, specifically not depression, although is listed as an antidepressant in Medscape Reference.

SNRI (Serotonin Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitor)

¹PubMed Central, Desvenlafaxine in major depressive disorder: an evidence-based review of its place in therapy. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2899788/?tool=pubmed

AntidepressantMedications for Depression

¹Medscape Reference, Depression: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/286759

Depression and Weight Gain, Depression and Weight Loss

¹May Clinic, Antidepressants and weight gain: What causes It? http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/antidepressants-and-weight-gain/AN01396

Antidepressants and Weight Gain – SSRIs and Weight Gain

¹WebMD, Far Pharms: Antidepressants and Weight Gain: http://www.webmd.com/depression/features/antidepressants-weight-gain

²Medscape Reference, Psychiatrics: http://reference.medscape.com/drugs/psychiatrics

³Mayo Clinic, Antidepressants and weight gain: What causes it? http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/antidepressants-and-weight-gain/AN01396

What is Serotonin Syndrome? Symptoms, Causes, Treatment

¹Mayo Clinic, Serotonin Syndrome: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/serotonin-syndrome/DS00860

Antidepressant Side Effects and How to Manage Them

¹Mayo Clinic, Antidepressants: Get tips to cope with side effects: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/antidepressants/MH00062

Natural Antidepressants: An Alternative to Antidepressants

¹Hypericum Depression Trial Study Group. Effect of Hypericumperforatum (St. John's wort) in major depressive disorder: a randomized, controlled trial. Journal of the American Medical Association, 2002; 287(14): 1807 14.

²Mayo Clinic, Depression: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/depression/DS00175

Depression Therapy: How Psychotherapy for Depression Works

American Psychological Association Fact Sheet

Antidepressants and Alcohol Don't Mix

¹McKim, William, Drugs and Behavior, Pearson Education, 2007

²Mayo Clinic, Antidepressants and alcohol: What is the concern? http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/antidepressants-and-alcohol/AN01653

Antidepressants and Marijuana (Weed): Is There Any Harm?

¹National Health Services (England), Does cannabis interaction with antidepressants or lithium? http://www.nhs.uk/chq/Pages/865.aspx?CategoryID=73&SubCategoryID=103

²Medscape Reference, Marijuana: http://reference.medscape.com/drug/cannabis-ganja-marijuana-343687#3

Managing Antidepressant Sexual Side Effects

¹Brink, S. Are antidepressants taking the edge off love? Los Angeles Times, pp. F8. July 30, 2007.

²Sexual Side Effects Of Antidepressants Common, But Still Seriously Underestimated By Physicians. (n.d.). Retrieved January 1, 2012, from healthyplace.com/communities/depression/treatment/antidepressants/sexual_side_effects_2.asp (no longer available)

SSRI Antidepressants: About SSRIs, Side-Effects, Withdrawal

¹From Making the Prozac Decision: A Guide to Antidepressants, by arrangement with RGA Publishing, Inc.

²Antidepressant discontinuation reactions.

³British Medical Journal 1998; 316:1105-1106 (11 April)

⁴Depression in primary care, Vol 2. "Treatment of Major Depression," US Department of Health and Human Services, 1993 (Clinical practice guidelines No. 5).

⁵"Antidepressants," Royal College of Psychiatrists, Dec. 2004

⁶Antidepressants, SSRIs, Medscape Reference: http://reference.medscape.com/drugs/antidepressants-ssris

⁷Depression, Medscape Reference: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/286759

⁸Antidepressant withdrawal: Is there such a thing?, Mayo Clinic, http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/antidepressant-withdrawal/AN01425

SNRI (Serotonin Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitor)

¹Anderson IM. Meta-analytical studies on new antidepressants. Br Med Bull. 2001;57:161-178.

²Cymbalta [package insert]. Indianapolis, IN: Eli Lilly and Company; May 10, 2007.

³Effexor XR [package insert]. Philadelphia, PA: Wyeth-Ayerst; March 2007.

⁴Perahia DG, Pritchett YL, Kajdasz DK, et al. A randomized, double-blind comparison of duloxetine and venlafaxine in the treatment of patients with major depressive disorder. J Psychiatr Res. Epublished ahead of print. April 17, 2007.

⁵Perahia DG, Kajdasz DK, Royer MG, Walker DJ, Raskin J. Duloxetine in the treatment of major depressive disorder: an assessment of the relationship between outcomes and episode characteristics. IntClinPsychopharmacol. 2006 Sep;21(5):285-295.

⁶Gartlehner G, Hansen RA, Thieda P, et al. Comparative Effectiveness of Second-Generation Antidepressants in the Pharmacologic Treatment of Adult Depression. Comparative Effectiveness Review No. 7. (Prepared by RTI International-University of North Carolina Evidence-based Practice Center under Contract No. 290-02-0016.) Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. January 2007. Available at: www.effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/reports/final.cfm. Accessed January 25, 2007.

⁷A Surgeon General's Perspective: Achieving Remission in Depression, (CME course) Dec. 15, 2004.

⁸(Throughout) Medscape Reference, Antidepressants, SNRIs: http://reference.medscape.com/drugs/antidepressants-snris

Tricyclic Antidepressants: How Tricyclics Work, Side Effects

²New Source: Medscape Reference, Antidepressants, TCAs: http://reference.medscape.com/drugs/antidepressants-tcas

MAOI Antidepressants: What are MAO Inhibitors?

²Medscape Reference, Antidepressants, MAOIs: http://reference.medscape.com/drugs/antidepressants-mao-inhibitors

What is a Depression Relapse? Can You Prevent a Depression Relapse?

Boyle Wheeler, R. (2016), 7 factors that can trigger a depression relapse. Everyday Health. Retrieved
November 2019 from https://www.everydayhealth.com/hs/major-depression-health-well-being/factors-can-trigger-depression-relapse/

Levine, D. (2017). Depression relapse: What can trigger it and how to prevent it. U.S. News & World
Report. Retrieved November 2019 from https://health.usnews.com/health-care/patient-advice/articles/2017-06-13/depression-relapse-what-can-trigger-it-and-how-to-prevent-it

Smith, A. (2019). What are the early signs of a depression relapse? Medical News Today. Retrieved
November 2019 from https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/320269.php

WebMD Medical Reference. (2018). Depression relapse: What to do first. WebMD. Retrieved November
2019 from https://www.webmd.com/depression/depression-relapse#1

What Depression Treatments are Available Today?

Brain stimulation therapies. (2016). National Institute of Mental Health. Retrieved November 2019 from
https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/brain-stimulation-therapies/brain-stimulation-therapies.shtml

Depression. (2017). National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI). Retrieved November 2019 from
https://www.nami.org/Learn-More/Mental-Health-Conditions/Depression/Treatment

Gillihan, S. (2017). 27 facts about the best ways to treat depression. Psychology Today. Retrieved
November 2017 from https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/think-act-be/201706/27-facts-about-the-best-ways-treat-depression

Peterson, T. (2018). Which foods help your depression? HealthyPlace. Retrieved November 2019 from
https://www.healthyplace.com/depression/food-and-depression/which-foods-help-your-depression

Saisan, J., Smith, M., & Segal, J. (2019). Depression treatment. HelpGuide. Retrieved November 2019
from https://www.helpguide.org/articles/depression/depression-treatment.htm

Depression Treatment Centers: Types and How They Help

Residential treatment. (n.d.). Anxiety and Depression Association of America (ADAA). Retrieved November 2019 from https://adaa.org/living-with-anxiety/treatment/qa-what-is-residential-treatment

Schimelpfening, N. (2019). What happens when you are hospitalized for depression? How to know when it’s time to check yourself in. verywell mind. Retrieved November 2019 from https://www.verywellmind.com/what-happens-when-you-are-hospitalized-for-depression-1067262

The Treatment Specialist. (2019). Retreats for depression and anxiety. Mental Health Hope. Retrieved November 2019 from https://mentalhealthhope.com/retreats-for-depression-and-anxiety/

What is a Depression Relapse and Should I Expect to Have One?

Boyle Wheeler, R. (2016), 7 factors that can trigger a depression relapse. Everyday Health. Retrieved November 2019 from https://www.everydayhealth.com/hs/major-depression-health-well-being/factors-can-trigger-depression-relapse/

Burcusa, S.L., & Iacono, W.G. (2007). Risk for recurrence in depression. Clinical Psychology Review, 27(8), 959-985. Retrieved December 2019 from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2169519/

Levine, D. (2017). Depression relapse: What can trigger it and how to prevent it. U.S. News & World Report. Retrieved November 2019 from https://health.usnews.com/health-care/patient-advice/articles/2017-06-13/depression-relapse-what-can-trigger-it-and-how-to-prevent-it

WebMD Medical Reference. (2018). Depression relapse: What to do first. WebMD. Retrieved November 2019 from https://www.webmd.com/depression/depression-relapse#1

Which Depression Supplements Work? Which Don't?

Apaydin, E. A., Maher, A. R., Shanman, R., Booth, M. S., Miles, J. N. V., Sorbero, M. E., & Hempel, S. (2016). A systematic review of St. John’s wort for major depressive disorder. Systematic Reviews, 5 (1), 148. DOI: 10.1186/s13643-016-0325-2

Firth, J., Teasdale, S. B., Allott, K., Siskind, D., Marx, W., Cotter, J., Veronese, N., Schuch, F., Smith, L., Solmi, M., Carvalho, A. F., Vancampfort, D., Berk, M., Stubbs, B., & Sarris, J. (2019, September 09). The efficacy and safety of nutrient supplements in the treatment of mental disorders: A meta-review of meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials. World Psychiatry, 18 (3), 308-324. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20672

Firth, J., Stubbs, B., Teasdale, S. B., Ward, P. B., Veronese, N., Shivappa, N., Hebert, J. R., Berk, M., Yung, A. R., & Sarris, J. (2018, October 17). Diet as a hot topic in psychiatry: A population-scale study of nutritional intake and inflammatory potential in severe mental illness. World Psychiatry, 17 (3), 365-367. DOI: 10.1002/wps.20571

Sharma, A., Gerbarg, P., Bottiglieri, T., Massoumi, L., Carpenter, L. L., Lavretsky, H., Muskin, P. R., Brown, R. P., & Mischoulon, D. (2017). S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe) for neuropsychiatric disorders: A clinician-oriented review of research. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 78 (6), e656-e667. DOI: 10.4088/JCP.16r11113

What Should I Look for in a Depression Therapist?

American Psychological Association. (2020). APA psychologist locator. Retrieved January 16, 2020 from https://locator.apa.org/

National Institute of Mental Health. (n.d.). Major depression. Retrieved January 16, 2020, from https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/statistics/major-depression.shtml

National Register of Health Service Psychologists. (2020). Find a psychologist. Retrieved January 16, 2020 from https://www.findapsychologist.org

What to Do About Depression After Surgery

MD Magazine. (2008, August 27). Are You Paying Attention to Postoperative Depression? Retrieved on 2019, December 21 from https://www.mdmag.com/medical-news/postoperative-depression

Tracy, Natasha. (2019, December 12). What Are the Symptoms of Depression and Depressive Disorder? Retrieved on 2019, December 21 from https://www.healthyplace.com/depression/symptoms/depression-symptoms-what-are-the-symptoms-of-depression

Ghoneim, M. M., & O'Hara, M. W. (2016). Depression and postoperative complications: an overview. Retrieved on 2019, December 21 from BMC surgery, 16, 5. doi:10.1186/s12893-016-0120-y

MedlinePlus. (n.d). Getting Out of Bed After Surgery. Retrieved on 2019, December 21 from https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000174.htm

Collingwood, Jane. (2018, October 8). Can Nutrition Help Fight or Ward Off Depression? Retrieved on 2019, December 21 from https://psychcentral.com/lib/can-nutrition-help-fight-or-ward-off-depression/

John Hopkins Medicine. (n.d.) Depression and Sleep: Understanding the Connection. Retrieved on 2019, December 21 from https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/wellness-and-prevention/depression-and-sleep-understanding-the-connection

WebMD. (n.d) Exercise and Depression. Retrieved on 2019, December 21 from https://www.webmd.com/depression/guide/exercise-depression

Learning Mind. (n.d.). 7 Great Hobbies that are Scientifically Proven to Reduce Anxiety and Depression. Retrieved on 2019, December 21 from https://www.learning-mind.com/great-hobbies-anxiety-depression/

Beck, Julie. 2015, November 18. How to Get Better at Expressing Emotions. Retrieved on 2019, December 21 from https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2015/11/how-to-get-better-at-expressing-emotions/416493/

Depression and Anxiety Medication Benefits and Drawbacks

Antidepressants: Selecting one that’s right for you. (2019). Mayo Clinic. Retrieved January 2020 from
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/depression/in-depth/antidepressants/art-20046273

Collins, S. (2018). What you need to know about ketamine’s effects. WebMD. Retrieved January 2020
from https://www.webmd.com/depression/features/what-does-ketamine-do-your-brain#1

Depression. (2017). National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI). Retrieved January 2020 from
https://www.nami.org/Learn-More/Mental-Health-Conditions/Depression/Treatment

Greenlaw, E. (2010). How Your Depression Medication Can Affect Your Life. (2010). WebMD. Retrieved
January 2020 from https://www.webmd.com/depression/features/antidepressant-effects#1

Medication. (2019). Anxiety and Depression Association of America (ADAA). Retrieved January 2020 from
https://adaa.org/finding-help/treatment/medication

Smith, K. (2019.). Depression medications: A closer look at medication for depression and finding the
Right treatment for you. Psycom. Retrieved January 2020 from https://www.psycom.net/depression-medications/

WebMD Medical Reference. (2019). Drugs used to treat mental disorders. WebMD. Retrieved January
2020 from https://www.webmd.com/anxiety-panic/guide/medications-treat-mental-disorders#1

Alternative Treatments

Natural Depression Treatment: Herbal, Natural Remedies for Depression

²National Institute of Mental Health, Depression Diagnostic Evaluation and Treatment: http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/men-and-depression/diagnostic-evaluation-and-treatment.shtml

³Mayo Clinic, Depression: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/depression/DS00175

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) for Depression

¹Wikipedia, Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RTMS

²Corpus Callosum, Another rTMS Update: http://scienceblogs.com/corpuscallosum/2010/05/another_rtms_update.php

³MindCare, Frequently Asked Questions: http://www.mindcarecentres.com/whatisrtms/faq.aspx

Does Deep Brain Stimulation for Depression Work?

¹Mayo Clinic, Deep brain stimulation for depression: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/deep-brain-stimulation/MY00184

²Chicago Tribune, Expertise counts with deep brain stimulation: http://newsblogs.chicagotribune.com/triage/2008/09/expertise-count.html

Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS) for Treating Depression

¹Medscape Reference, Neuromodulation Surgery for Psychiatric Disorders: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1343677

²Oregon Health and Science University, Rapid Review Draft Report: Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Depression: http://www.oregon.gov/OHA/OHPR/HRC/docs/HRC.Reports/VNS_Dep_Final_Report_Revised_8.20-.09_2_1.pdf?ga=t

³Cyberonics, Insurance Information: http://depression.cyberonics.com/depression/insuranceinformation/

ECT

Shock Treatment for Depression: How ECT Shock Therapy Works

¹Mayo Clinic Staff, Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT). Mayo Clinic. Accessed January 19, 2019. https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1525957-overview#showall

²Kalapatapu , Raj K. et al, Electroconvulsive Therapy. Medscape. Jan. 12, 2015. https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/electroconvulsive-therapy/about/pac-20393894

Maintenance ECT: Why Some People Need Continuation ECT

¹PubMed, A review of continuation electroconvulsive therapy: application, safety, and efficacy: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20805727

²PubMed, Retrospective study of continuation electroconvulsive therapy in 50 patients: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20357668

³PubMed, Efficacy of maintenance electroconvulsive therapy in recurrent depression: a naturalistic study: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18772702

⁴Medscape Reference, Electroconvulsive Therapy: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1525957

ECT Therapy for Depression: Is ECT Treatment Safe?

¹Medscape Reference, Electroconvulsive Therapy: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1525957

²PubMed, The Mortality Rate with ECT: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9342128

Effects of ECT, ECT Side Effects

¹PubMed, Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) increases serum Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) in drug resistant depressed patients: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16757154

²PubMed, Electroconvulsive therapy, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and possible neurorestorative benefit of the clinical application of electroconvulsive therapy: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18580563

³Medscape Reference, Electroconvulsive Therapy: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1525957

⁴HealthyPlace, The Effects of Electroconvulsive Therapy on Memory of Autobiographical and Public Events: http://www.healthyplace.com/depression/ect/effects-of-electroconvulsive-therapy-on-memory-of-autobiographical-and-public-events/menu-id-68/

⁵PubMed, Efficacy of ECT in depression: a meta-analytic review: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15087991

History of ECT: How the ECT Procedure Developed

¹Medscape Reference, Electroconvulsive Therapy: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1525957

²Wikipedia, Electroconvulsive Therapy: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electroconvulsive_therapy

ECT Videos

¹PubMed, Efficacy of ECT in depression: a meta-analytic review: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15087991

ECT Problems

¹Medscape Reference, Electroconvulsive Therapy: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1525957

Self-Help

Feeling Depressed? What To Do When You Feel Depressed

¹National Institute of Mental Health, How Can I Help Myself if I'm Depressed? http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/women-and-depression-discovering-hope/how-can-i-help-myself-if-i-am-depressed.shtml

What Are Some Touching Poems About Depression?

Dickinson, E. (1862). It was not Death, for I stood up.” The Morgan Library & Museum. Retrieved
February 2020 from https://www.themorgan.org/exhibitions/online/emily-dickinson/24

Gault, A.M. (n.d.). The Power of poetry: How reading poems can help you feel better. PsyCom. Retrieved
February, 2020 from https://www.psycom.net/poetry-how-reading-poems-can-help-you-feel-better/

Herrin, T. (2019). 7 Depression Poems: What the World’s Greatest Poets Can Teach Us. BetterHelp.
Retrieved February 2020 from https://www.betterhelp.com/advice/depression/7-depression-poems-what-the-worlds-greatest-poets-can-teach-us/

Leav, L. (2016). The Universe of Us (volume 4). Kansas City, MO: Andrew McMeel Publishing.

Plath, S. (1961). Tulips. All Poetry. Retrieved February 2020 from
https://allpoetry.com/poem/8498491-Tulips-by-Sylvia-Plath

Williams, J.S. (2019). Aperture. Bellingham Review. Retrieved February 2020 from
http://bhreview.org/2019/11/15/aperture/

The Best Depression Drawing and Art from World History

11 artworks that define depression better than words ever could. (n.d.). Learning Mind. Retrieved
February 2020 from https://www.learning-mind.com/define-depression-arts/

A short history of mental illness. (2014). The Guardian. Retrieved February 2020 from
https://www.theguardian.com/society/christmas-charity-appeal-2014-blog/2015/jan/13/-sp-a-short-history-of-mental-illness-in-art

Borrensen, K. (2017). Artist Channels How Depression Feels Into Beautiful Drawings. HuffPost.
Retrieved February 2020 from https://www.huffpost.com/entry/artist-depression-illustrations_n_598cd864e4b090964295eef3

Destiny Blue. (n.d.). Deviant Art. Retrieved February 2020 from
https://www.deviantart.com/destinyblue

Emotional Drawing by me #sad #emotion #depression #feelings #art #drawings. (2019). Art World.
Retrieved February 2020 from https://art-world.duavezikirler.com/art/emotional-drawing-by-me-sad-emotion-depression-feelings-art-drawings/

Honour, H., & Fleming, J. (1982). The visual arts: A history (2nd Edition). Englewood Cliffs, NJ:
Prentice-Hall.

Lieu, C. (n.d.). Clara Lieu. Retrieved February 2020 from http://claralieu.com/

McKay, B., & McKay, K. (2015). Leasing the black dog: The history of depression. Art of Manliness.
Retrieved February 2020 from https://www.artofmanliness.com/articles/the-history-of-depression/

Shin, H. (2017). Death-inspired love comics that I create to cope with my depression. Bored Panda.
Retrieved February 2020 from https://www.boredpanda.com/death-like-skeleton-drawings-haenuli-shin/?utm_source=google&utm_medium=organic&utm_campaign=organic

T40.6 the purification of Orestes. (n.d.). theoi.com. Retrieved February 2020 from
https://www.theoi.com/Gallery/T40.6.html

Vareikaite, V. (2017). 137 artists try to show what depression looks like and some results will make your
skin crawl. Bored Panda. Retrieved February 2020 from https://www.boredpanda.com/depression-through-art/?utm_source=google&utm_medium=organic&utm_campaign=organic

What Inspiring Depression Tattoos Do People Like to Get?

Erdelyi, K.M. (2019). Mental Health Tattoos: Body Art that Tells a Story in Permanent Ink. Psycom.
Retrieved February 2020 from https://www.psycom.net/mental-tattoo-body-art-ink

Lelinwalla, M. (2018). 8 Guys Share the Powerful Stories Behind Their Mental Health Tattoos.
Men’sHealth. Retrieved February 2020 from https://www.menshealth.com/health/g20663855/mental-health-tattoos-recovery/

Quinn, H. (2017). 29 Tattoos inspired by life with depression. The Mighty. Retrieved February 2020 from
https://themighty.com/2017/07/depression-inspired-tattoos/

Solomon, S. (2018). 20 People Share How Getting Tattoos Helped Them Survive Depression. Your Tango.
Retrieved February 2020 from https://www.yourtango.com/2016298235/why-tattoos-are-popular-people-with-depression

The 24 Character Strengths. (n.d.). VIA Institute on Character. Retrieved February 2020 from
https://www.viacharacter.org/character-strengths

What Is a Depression Journal and Why Should You Keep One?

Ackerman, C. (2019). 83 benefits of journaling for depression, anxiety, and stress.
PositivePsychology.com. Retrieved February 2020 from https://positivepsychology.com/benefits-of-journaling/

Adams, K. (n.d.). A short course in journal writing: It’s easy to W.R.I.T.E. Center for Journal Therapy.
Retrieved February 2020 from https://journaltherapy.com/lets-journal/a-short-course-in-journal-writing/

Irish, A. (2019). The positive benefits to journaling for anxiety and depression. ProHealth. Retrieved
February 2020 from https://www.prohealth.com/library/positive-benefits-journaling-anxiety-depression-90324

Krpan, K.M., Kross, E. Berman, M.G., Deldin, P.J., Askren., & Jonides, J. (2013). An everyday activity as a
treatment for depression: The benefits of expressive writing for people diagnosed with major depressive disorder. Journal of Affective Disorers, 150(3): 1148-1151. Retrieved February 2020 from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2013.05.065

Journaling for mental health. (n.d.). University of Rochester Medical Center. Retrieved February 2020
from https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?ContentID=4552&ContentTypeID=1
Robinson, K.M. (2017). How writing in a journal helps manage depression. WebMD. Retrieved February
2020 from https://www.webmd.com/depression/features/writing-your-way-out-of-depression#1

Symbols of Depression You May Not Have Thought of Before

Lile, S. 40 visual symbols every communicator needs to know. (n.d.). Visme. Retrieved February 2020
from https://visme.co/blog/symbols-and-meanings/

Literary symbolism (n.d.). Learnstrong. Retrieved February 2020 from
(http://www.learnstrong.co/uploads/5/3/9/2/53925379/symbols.pdf

McNatt, G. (2002). Symbols of hope, despair. The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved February 2020 from
https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/bs-xpm-2002-05-31-0205310244-story.html

Meanings of life. (n.d.). Cardthartic. Retrieved February 2020 from
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Strusiewicz, C.J. (2012). 6 famous symbols that don’t mean what you think. Cracked. Retrieved February
2020 from https://www.cracked.com/article_19909_6-famous-symbols-that-dont-mean-what-you-think.html

Trees and their meaning. (n.d.). Culture Victoria. Retrieved February, 2020 from
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How Can Depression Worksheets Benefit Your Mental Health?

Burns, D. D. (1999). The feeling good handbook. NY: Plume.

Depression. (n.d.). Between Sessions. Retrieved February 2020 from https://www.betweensessions.com/adults/depression/

Depression. (n.d.). Psychology Tools. Retrieved February 2020 from https://www.psychologytools.com/professional/problems/depression/

Depression worksheets. (n.d.). PsychPoint. Retrieved February 2020 from https://www.psychpoint.com/mental-health/worksheets/depression-worksheets/

Peterson, T. J. (2016). Break free: Acceptance and commitment therapy in 3 steps. Berkeley: Althea Press.

Anxiety and Depression

Relationship Between Anxiety and Depression

¹PubMed, Suicide risk assessment: a review of risk factors for suicide in 100 patients who made severe suicide attempts. Evaluation of suicide risk in a time of managed care: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9989117?dopt=Abstract

Depression Support

Depression Support: Why You Need It, Where to Find It

^[i]WebMD, Depression Support: http://www.webmd.com/depression/guide/depresssion-support

^[ii]Depression and Bipolar Support Alliance, About Support Groups and Chapters: http://www.dbsalliance.org/site/PageServer?pagename=support_supportgroups

back to: all depression articles
~ depression community homepage

APA Reference
Tracy, N. (2022, January 4). Depression References, HealthyPlace. Retrieved on 2024, December 21 from https://www.healthyplace.com/depression/depression-information/depression-references

Last Updated: January 11, 2022